Application of root mean square value

The delay imposed on the DSM bitstream is sufficient to realign the bitstream with the multi-bit filtered signal. In other words, the delay imposed is the same as the delay resulting from propagation of the DSM bitstream through the filter. In some embodiments, the multiplication may be implemented by setting a sign bit or value based on the value of the delayed DSM bitstream. In some embodiments, an integrator may be used to implement the averaging operation The averaging operation removes any high frequency components of the hybrid signal and results in an average sum-of-squares signal.

In operation , the square root is determined for the average sum- of-squares signal to produce a square root value. Another sum-of-squares and sample count may then be determined and stored at a second time T2. This may be advantageous for determining both short-term and long-term averages with only one integrator and sample counter. As noted, other filters may also be used, including a multiple-pass moving average filter. Although the multiple-pass moving average filter increases the complexity of the circuit, it may result in improved stop-band attenuation.

A corresponding adjustment to the delay I may be required to keep the filtered signal aligned with the delayed signal. Individually, each filter has a wide frequency pass band and periodic notches and return lobes in the stop band. Notably, the return lobes of filter with length 22 align perfectly with the notch of a filter of length 2N, and the pass band of filter with length 2N12 remains flat out past the filter of length 2N. As a result, cascading filters of length 2" in multiple passes rapidly attenuates the stop band and yet maintains a very flat frequency response in the pass band.

The composite filter has pass band characteristics of component filter of length and steep attenuation in the stop band due to component filters of length 64, 32, 16 and 8. It will be appreciated that the gains K or r in the above expressions are for the convenience of integer computations in a processing device. The gain may be removed either before averaging or in the division by N operation.

Each of the summations in the first terms may be optimized so that only a partial sum and difference is implemented due to the Ref. This simplification is explained further below. For example, in the case of many FIR filters, symmetry in the filter response may allow for a folded FIR structure to be used, in which only half the coefficients are needed with a multiplication using two adds to sum symmetrically located input samples.

When all coefficients are equal, additional simplifications may be used. Rather than summing the windowed samples on each iteration, the newly-captured sample is added to the previous summation and the sample newly-excluded from the window is subtracted from the summation. All the "middle" values between those ends remain the same and are re-used in the summation.

This simplification may result in significant hardware reduction that may motivate use of the moving average or multiple- pass moving average filters. Because the DSM bitstreams are already subjected to filtering and delay for the purpose of RMS calculations, very little additional hardware is needed for also implementing a power calculator.

In this example, the measurement device uses delta-sigma modulation to generate bitstreams representing the voltage and the current on a phase of the power system. The voltage bitstream is labeled Mil] and the current bitstream is labeled xiinl. Real power can be calculated from the product of voltage and current. In order to carry out that calculation in the case of DSM sampled voltage and current, and avoid unnecessary multiplications, a portion of the RMS calculator architecture may be exploited.

They are also delayed to produce delayed signals. Accordingly, to "multiply" the current and voltage signals, the filtered multi-bit signal representing either current or voltage sampling is combined with the delayed DSM bitstream of the other of current or voltage to 5 produce a signed multi-bit product value. The power calculator thus includes a filter to produce the multi-bit filtered signal and a delay on the other channel to produce the delayed DSM bitstream signal The delayed DSM bitstream signal is then combined with the multi-bit filtered signal to produce the signed multi- bit product value.

As noted above, a combining operator , although conceptually a multiplier, is actually a 10 sign setting operation that requires no multiplication hardware for implementation. An averaging operator may then accumulate the signed multi-bit product values and divide the accumulated sum by a sample count to produce a real power measurement signal Notably, the filter and delay components and resulting multi-bit filtered signal and delayed DSM bitstream signal are already available within the RMS calculator.

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In some embodiments, the implementation may include one or more field programmable gate arrays FPGA. In some embodiments, the implementation may include one or more application-specific integrated circuits ASIC. The selection of particular hardware components may be based upon cost, speed, operating environment, etc. The selection and programming of such components will be within the understanding of a person of ordinary skill in the art having regard to the detailed description provided herein.

Therefore, the above-discussed embodiments are considered to be illustrative and not restrictive. Les titulaires actuels au dossier sont affichés en ordre alphabétique. Les titulaires antérieures au dossier sont affichés en ordre alphabétique. Pour visualiser une image, cliquer sur un lien dans la colonne description du document. Pour télécharger l'image les images , cliquer l'une ou plusieurs cases à cocher dans la première colonne et ensuite cliquer sur le bouton "Télécharger sélection en format PDF archive Zip ".

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1. définition - Root mean square deviation!
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Rapport de recherche internationale. See examples translated by valeur résultante quadratique Noun. See examples translated by valeur quadratique moyenne 5 examples with alignment. The root mean square value at a microphone position i shall be given by:. La moyenne quadratique i à une position de microphone est donnée par la formule:.

The sound pressure is the root mean square value of the difference between atmospheric pressure and the instantaneous pressure of the sound, the mean being read over several periodic cycles. La pression acoustique est représentée par la moyenne quadratique de la différence entre la pression atmosphérique et la pression instantanée du bruit, la moyenne étant obtenue sur plusieurs cycles périodiques. Moyenne Quadratique RMS 2. An analysis unit 21 generates, as mapping control information, the root mean square value of a sample in a predetermined section of a supplied audio signal.

Une unité d'analyse 21 produit, comme informations de commande du mappage, la valeur quadratique moyenne d'un échantillon dans une section prédéfinie d'un signal audio fourni. The resulting sound power level LWA3 shall be the root mean square value of the three or more measurements. Outils et Solutions pour l'Industrie. Secteurs industriels. Accessoires de ligne. Moteurs pneumatiques.



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